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Philipp Alfons Freiherr Mumm von Schwarzenstein (19 March 1859 - 10 July 1924) was a diplomat of the German Empire. He succeeded the murdered Baron Clemens von Ketteler as ambassador in Beijing in 1900. Mumm studied law at Götttingen University and entered the diplomatic service afterwards. He served in London (1885), Washington D.C. (1888), Bucarest (1892–93), Rome (1893–94), Luxembourgh (1898) and again in Washington (1899). During his years in China, he dealt with the Boxer Rebellion and signed The Boxer Protocol on September 7, 1901 on behalf of Germany, maintained an extraordinarily good relation with Empress Dowager Cixi, but also he took many pictures of China in the 1900s (decade) as an amateur photographer. From 1909-11, he was ambassador of the German Reich in Japan. He retired in 1911, but was reactivated 1914 in Berlin. In 1917-1918, he represented the German Reich in Kiev. ==Works== * (''Ein Tagebuch in Bildern'' (1902) ), private print scanned by Tōyō Bunko exlibris George Ernest Morrison * ''Kriegslyrik'' (1914–18) in several volumes printed privately * Mein ligurisches Heim (in Portofino). Mit Freunden für Freunde zusammengestellt und nach eigenen Aufnahmen illustrirt. (private print). Berlin 1915. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alfons Mumm von Schwarzenstein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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